(For other uses, see Reformasi.) The Reformasi was a protest movement that began in September 1998 throughout Malaysia initiated by Anwar Ibrahim after his sacking as Deputy Prime Minister by the country's then Prime Minister, Mahathir Mohamad in the same month. The massive movement consisted of civil disobedience, demonstrations, sit-ins, rioting, occupations and online activism, involving thousands across Malaysia protesting against the Barisan Nasional government under the Mahathir Cabinet.