Aleksandr Samoilovich Figner (Alexandre Figner, Russian: Алекса́ндр Само́йлович Фи́гнер) (1787—1813) was a colonel in the army of the Russian Empire, known as the organizer of partisan units during the 1812 Napoleonic invasion of Russia and later of Germany. He came to his death swimming over the Elbe, while trying to break an encirclement by Napoleonic troops at Dessau. He was the prototype of Fedor Dolokhov, a partisan leader in Leo Tolstoy's War and Peace.