The Arab–Israeli conflict (Arabic: الصراع العربي الإسرائيلي‎‎ Al-Sira'a Al'Arabi A'Israili; Hebrew: הסכסוך הישראלי-ערבי‎‎ Ha'Sikhsukh Ha'Yisraeli-Aravi) refers to the political tension, military conflicts and disputes between a number of Arab countries and Israel. The roots of the modern Arab–Israeli conflict are bound in the rise of Zionism and Arab nationalism towards the end of the 19th century. Territory regarded by the Jewish people as their historical homeland is also regarded by the Pan-Arab movement as historically and currently belonging to the Palestinians, and in the Pan-Islamic context, as Muslim lands. The sectarian conflict between Palestinian Jews and Arabs emerged in the early 20th century, peaking into a full-scale civil war in 1947 and transforming into the First Arab–Isr