Federal elections were held in Australia on 31 May 1913. All 75 seats in the House of Representatives, and 18 of the 36 seats in the Senate were up for election. The incumbent Australian Labor Party led by Prime Minister Andrew Fisher was defeated by the opposition Commonwealth Liberal Party led by Joseph Cook, by a single seat. The new government also held a minority of seats in the Senate. The government would lose the double dissolution 15 months later at the 1914 election. The 1913 election was held in conjunction with six referendum questions, none of which was carried.