Capital, Volume I: The Process of Production of Capital (German: Das Kapital, Buch I: Der Produktionsprocess des Kapitals) is an 1867 economics book by German philosopher Karl Marx. In this, the only instalment of Marx's multi-volume Capital: Critique of Political Economy to be published during his lifetime, Marx critiques capitalism chiefly from the standpoint of its production processes. After Marx's death, Friedrich Engels compiled and expanded his friend's notes into volumes II (1885) and III (1894).