Chloroxylenol (4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol) is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial chemical compound used to control bacteria, algae, fungi and virus. It is used in hospitals and households for disinfection and sanitation. It is also commonly used in antibacterial soaps, wound-cleansing applications and household antiseptics such as Dettol liquid (to which it contributes its distinctive odor), cream and ointments. Studies have shown an antimicrobial activity which is enhanced by additives. Its antibacterial action is due to disruption of cell membrane potentials. Developed in Europe in the 1920s and used in the United States since the 1950s, chloroxylenol is one of the most mature antimicrobial agents.