Clever Hans
Clever Hans (in German: der Kluge Hans) was an Orlov Trotter horse that was claimed to have been able to perform arithmetic and other intellectual tasks. After a formal investigation in 1907, psychologist Oskar Pfungst demonstrated that the horse was not actually performing these mental tasks, but was watching the reactions of his human observers. Pfungst discovered this artifact in the research methodology, wherein the horse was responding directly to involuntary cues in the body language of the human trainer, who had the faculties to solve each problem. The trainer was entirely unaware that he was providing such cues. In honour of Pfungst's study, the anomalous artifact has since been referred to as the Clever Hans effect and has continued to be important knowledge in the observer-expect
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Clever Hans
Clever Hans (in German: der Kluge Hans) was an Orlov Trotter horse that was claimed to have been able to perform arithmetic and other intellectual tasks. After a formal investigation in 1907, psychologist Oskar Pfungst demonstrated that the horse was not actually performing these mental tasks, but was watching the reactions of his human observers. Pfungst discovered this artifact in the research methodology, wherein the horse was responding directly to involuntary cues in the body language of the human trainer, who had the faculties to solve each problem. The trainer was entirely unaware that he was providing such cues. In honour of Pfungst's study, the anomalous artifact has since been referred to as the Clever Hans effect and has continued to be important knowledge in the observer-expect
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Clever Hans (en alemán, Hans d ...... tudios en la cognición animal.
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Clever Hans (in German: der Kl ...... o his impact on phenomenology.
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Der Kluge Hans (* um 1895; † u ...... m Können erhebliches Aufsehen.
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Hans l'intelligente (in tedesc ...... a e dell'intelligenza animale.
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Hans le Malin (en allemand Klu ...... amment parmi les psychologues.
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Kluger Hans was een paard waar ...... rd van de behandelingsmethode.
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Mądry Hans (niem. der Kluge Ha ...... zwoliło wyjaśnić sprawę Hansa.
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O Hans Esperto (em alemão:, de ...... como o efeito do Hans esperto.
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Умный Ганс (нем. Kluger Hans) ...... ным как «Эффект Умного Ганса».
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賢馬ハンス(けんばハンス、賢いを意味する「Kluger」や「 ...... 観察者期待効果 (en) としてのちの動物認知学に貢献した。
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Clever Hans (en alemán, Hans d ...... ever Hans” (Inteligente Hans).
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Clever Hans (in German: der Kl ...... owledge in the observer-expect
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Der Kluge Hans (* um 1895; † u ...... m Können erhebliches Aufsehen.
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Hans l'intelligente (in tedesc ...... i che gli venivano sottoposti.
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Hans le Malin (en allemand Klu ...... cientifiques étudient son cas.
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Kluger Hans was een paard waar ...... dewerker Oskar Pfungst belast.
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Mądry Hans (niem. der Kluge Ha ...... zwoliło wyjaśnić sprawę Hansa.
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O Hans Esperto (em alemão:, de ...... ados foram publicados em 1907.
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Умный Ганс (нем. Kluger Hans) ...... оводились при широкой публике.
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賢馬ハンス(けんばハンス、賢いを意味する「Kluger」や「 ...... 観察者期待効果 (en) としてのちの動物認知学に貢献した。
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Clever Hans
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Clever Hans
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Hans Esperto
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Hans l'intelligente
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Hans le Malin
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Kluger Hans
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Kluger Hans
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Mądry Hans
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Умный Ганс
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賢馬ハンス
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