David Tod Roy (simplified Chinese: 芮效卫; traditional Chinese: 芮效衛; pinyin: Rui Xiaowei; 1933 – May 31, 2016) was an American sinologist and scholar of Chinese literature who was Professor of East Asian Languages and Civilizations at University of Chicago from 1967 until he took early retirement in 1999. Roy is known for his translation of Jin Ping Mei (Chin P’ing Mei, or The Plum in the Golden Vase), published in five volumes by Princeton University Press 1993–2013, one of the Four Great Novels of the Ming dynasty. Where earlier translations omitted many passages, especially the sexual ones, Roy was the first to render the whole novel into English.