Delaplane Historic District is a national historic district located at Delaplane, Fauquier County, Virginia. The rural village of Delaplane was founded in 1852 around the Piedmont Station of the newly chartered Manassas Gap Railroad (originally to link the Alexandria and Orange Railroad with the line running into the Shenandoah valley at Manassas; still operated by the Norfolk Southern Railroad). The railroad built a station, a warehouse and a store, and a town grew, as with the adjacent stops at Marshall and The Plains. As Delaplane prospered, the previously prosperous town of Paris on the Dumfries-Winchester Road (Virginia Route 17), lagged. The town's name was changed in 1874 to honor its postmaster and owner of the general store, Washington E. Delapane.