From 1948 to 1975, the U.S. Army Chemical Corps conducted classified human subject research at Edgewood Arsenal, Maryland. The purpose was to evaluate the impact of low-dose chemical warfare agents on military personnel and to test protective clothing, pharmaceuticals, and vaccines. A small portion of these studies were directed at psychochemical warfare and grouped under the prosaïc title of the "Medical Research Volunteer Program" (1956-1975). The MRVP was also driven by intelligence requirements and the need for new and more effective interrogation techniques.