Indigenous Peoples' Day (also known as Native American Day) is a holiday that celebrates the Indigenous People of North America. It is celebrated in various localities in the United States. It began as a counter-celebration to Columbus Day, promoting Native American culture and commemorating the history of Native American peoples. The celebration began in Berkeley, California, through the International Indian Treaty Council, and Denver, Colorado, and now in Vermont, as a protest against Columbus Day. The latter is observed as a federal holiday in the United States, but it is not observed as a state holiday in every state, and most retail enterprises stay open. Indigenous Peoples' Day is usually held on the second Monday of October, coinciding with the federal observance of Columbus Day.