(For the journal, see Neurology (journal). For the scientific study of the nervous system, see Neuroscience.)("Neurological sciences" redirects here. For the journal, see Neurological Sciences (journal).) A neurologist is a physician specializing in neurology and trained to investigate, or diagnose and treat neurological disorders. Neurologists may also be involved in clinical research, clinical trials, and basic or translational research. While neurology is a non-surgical specialty, its corresponding surgical specialty is neurosurgery.