Rhyniella praecursor (meaning "small creature of the Rhynie chert, a forerunner [of modern hexapoda]") is a fossil springtail (Collembola) from the Rhynie chert formed during the Pragian stage of the Early Devonian; for some time it was believed to be the only hexapod from the Early Devonian (c. 410 million years ago). Its remains were discovered in 1919. Reconstructed from the scattered bits and pieces of its exoskeleton, R. praecursor was described in 1926, and at first believed to be a larval insect.