The Sangguniang Panlungsod are the legislatures of city governments in the Philippines. As defined by the Local Government Code of 1991, the legislatures have legislative and quasi-judicial powers and functions. The members of the Sangguniang Panlungsod, often referred to as councilors are either elected or ex-officio and includes a city's vice mayor who serves as the presiding officer. The term was coined from the Tagalog words "sanggunian" and "lungsod" which means "city council".