Édouard Chatton (French: [edwaʁ ʃatɔ̃]; 11 October 1883 – 23 April 1947) was a French biologist who first characterized the distinction between the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cellular types. Chatton coined the terms and published them first in his 1937 paper "Pansporella perplex: Reflections on the Biology and Phylogeny of the Protozoa." The standard author abbreviation Chatton is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.