1996 California Proposition 209
Proposition 209 (also known as the California Civil Rights Initiative or CCRI) is a California ballot proposition which, upon approval in November 1996, amended the state constitution to prohibit state governmental institutions from considering race, sex, or ethnicity, specifically in the areas of public employment, public contracting, and public education. Modeled on the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the California Civil Rights Initiative was authored by two California academics, Glynn Custred and Tom Wood. It was the first electoral test of affirmative action policies in North America. It passed with 55% in favor to 45% opposed.
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1994 California Proposition 1871996 California Proposition 2181996 California elections2008 Colorado Amendment 462020 California Proposition 162020 California electionsAffirmative actionAffirmative action in the United StatesAfrikan Black CoalitionAmerican Civil Rights InstituteAndrés MontoyaBAMNBernie RichterCCRICalifornia Civil Rights IniatitiveCalifornia Civil Rights InitiatitiveCalifornia Civil Rights InitiativeCalifornia Proposition 209California Proposition 209 (1996)California Senate Bill 535 (2012)California Senate Constitutional Amendment No. 5Carol LiuCentral America Resource CenterChinese for Affirmative ActionChristopher CottleDarrell IssaDoug LaMalfaEd HernandezEleanor SmealEugene VolokhFisher v. University of Texas (2013)Freada Kapor KleinGene D. BlockGrutter v. BollingerHistory of the University of California, Los AngelesHistory of the University of California, RiversideHoward KurtzInstitutional racismJanice Rogers BrownJesse McKinley
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1996 California Proposition 209
Proposition 209 (also known as the California Civil Rights Initiative or CCRI) is a California ballot proposition which, upon approval in November 1996, amended the state constitution to prohibit state governmental institutions from considering race, sex, or ethnicity, specifically in the areas of public employment, public contracting, and public education. Modeled on the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the California Civil Rights Initiative was authored by two California academics, Glynn Custred and Tom Wood. It was the first electoral test of affirmative action policies in North America. It passed with 55% in favor to 45% opposed.
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Proposition 209 (also known as ...... quarter of a century earlier.
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加利福尼亚州209法案（California Proposi ...... 的州。华盛顿州、密歇根州和內布拉斯加州也先后通过了类似法律。
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1,015,713,287
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15,662,075
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Proposition 209
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10,261,639
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Proposition 209 (also known as ...... h 55% in favor to 45% opposed.
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加利福尼亚州209法案（California Proposi ...... 的州。华盛顿州、密歇根州和內布拉斯加州也先后通过了类似法律。
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1996 California Proposition 209
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加利福尼亚州209法案
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