Acheson Johnston Duncan (September 24, 1904 – January 7, 1995) was a 20th-century statistician and an acknowledged authority in the field of quality control. A native of Leonia, New Jersey, he attended Princeton University, where he received a bachelor's degree in 1925, a master's degree in 1927 and a Ph.D. in economics in 1936. He also attended the University of Chicago and Columbia University. He married Helen Foster in 1960, who died at age 91 in 1995 after his death at age 90. He had two step children, Catharine Foster Black and Joseph Foster, seven grandchildren and 5 great grand children in 1995.