Afghans in Iran are refugees and immigrants who fled the Soviet–Afghan War, its ensuing civil war, and the U.S. War in Afghanistan. They include an unknown number of illegal migrant workers, as well as a smaller number of traders, exchanged students, diplomats, and tourists. According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, as of 2016 there were 951,142 registered Afghan citizens living in Iran, most of these were born and raised in Iran during the last three and a half decades.