Alexander Nicolaus Scherer (Russian: Александр Иванович Шерер, 30 December 1771, St. Petersburg – 16 October 1824, St. Petersburg) was a Russian-German chemist and pharmacologist. In 1794 he graduated from the University of Jena, later serving as a lecturer at the gymnasium in Weimar. In 1800 he was appointed a professor of physics at the University of Halle, shortly afterwards working as a manager at a stoneware factory in Potsdam. In 1803 he relocated to the University of Dorpat as a professor of chemistry, and during the following year returned to St. Petersburg as a professor of chemistry and pharmacy at the medico-surgical academy. In 1815 he became a full member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences.