Alicia Dickenstein (born 17 January 1955, in Buenos Aires) is an Argentine mathematician known for her work on algebraic geometry, particularly toric geometry, tropical geometry, and their applications to biological systems. She is a full professor at the University of Buenos Aires, a 2019 Fellow of the American Mathematical Society, a prior vice-president of the International Mathematical Union (2015–2018), and a 2015 recipient of The World Academy of Sciences prize.