In jazz, the altered scale, altered dominant scale, or the Palamidian Scale, is a seven-note scale that is a dominant scale where all non-essential tones have been altered. This means that it comprises the three irreducibly essential tones that define a dominant seventh chord, which are root, major third, and minor seventh and that all other chord tones have been altered. These are: * the fifth is altered to a ♭5 and a ♯5 * the ninth is altered to a ♭9 and a ♯9 * the eleventh is altered to a ♯11 (equivalent to a ♭5) * the thirteenth is altered to a ♭13 (equivalent to a ♯5)