Ann E. Carlson (born 1960) is an American attorney and legal scholar who is the Shirley Shapiro Professor of Environmental Law at the UCLA School of Law, where she also serves as faculty co-director of the Emmett Center on Climate Change and the Environment. She is an expert on U.S. environmental law and policy with a particular focus on climate change and environmental federalism. On January 21, 2021, it was announced that Carlson would become the chief counsel to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration in the Biden Administration.