Anton-Hermann Chroust (29 January 1907 – January 1982) was a German-American jurist, philosopher and historian, from 1946 to 1972, professor of law, philosophy, and history, at the University of Notre Dame. Chroust was best known for his 1965 book on the American legal profession,The Rise of the Legal Profession in America. Chroust moved to the United States permanently in 1934. During World War II, he was arrested as an enemy alien, suspected of sympathy with the Nazi Party. Chroust was strongly defended by his friend, Harvard Law School dean Roscoe Pound.