The Women's individual compound W1 archery discipline at the 2016 Summer Paralympics was contested from September 10 to September 17. Ranking rounds took place on 10 September, while knockout rounds continued on September 17. In the ranking rounds each archer shot 72 arrows, and was seeded according to score. In the knock-out stages each archer shot three arrows per set against an opponent, with scores aggregated. Matches were won by highest aggregate score. Losing semifinalists competed in a bronze medal match.