Barbara Ann Whitlock (born 1967) is a botanist, who earned a PhD from Harvard University, with a dissertation entitled Systematics and evolution of chocolate and its relatives (Sterculiaceae or Malvaceae s.l.) c. 2000, an interest which continues. She has been working in the Department of Biology, University of Miami from at least 2015, where she works on tropical (plant) biology, and ecology and evolutionary biology. Much of her work centres on Malvaceae and related phylogeny. The standard author abbreviation Whitlock is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.