The Berkeley Mafia was the term given to a group of U.S.-educated Indonesian economists who were given technocratic positions under the new government established by Suharto in Indonesia in the late 1960s. Their work helped bring Indonesia back from dire economic conditions and the brink of famine in the mid-1960s. They were appointed in the early stages of the New Order administration. Almost three decades of economic growth followed. Their efforts also began long-term U.S.-Indonesian strategic cooperation, which was important during the Cold War.