Carl Hårleman (23 June 1886 – 20 August 1948) was a Swedish gymnast and track and field athlete who competed in the 1908 and 1912 Summer Olympics. In 1908 he was part of the Swedish gymnastics team that won the all-around gold medal. Four years later he finished twelfth in the pole vault competition. In 1913 Hårleman placed second in the pole vault at the British AAA championships. In 1917 he won the Swedish pole vault title, and set a national record that stood until 1921.