Coastal defence and fortification
Coastal defence (or defense) and coastal fortification are measures taken to provide protection against military attack at or near a coastline (or other shoreline), for example, fortifications and coastal artillery. Because an invading enemy normally requires a port or harbour to sustain operations, such defences are usually concentrated around such facilities, or places where such facilities could be constructed. Coastal artillery fortifications generally followed the development of land fortifications, usually incorporating land defences; sometimes separate land defence forts were built to protect coastal forts. Through the middle 19th century, coastal forts could be bastion forts, star forts, polygonal forts, or sea forts, the first three types often with detached gun batteries called "
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12-inch/45-caliber Mark 5 gun14-inch/45-caliber gun15 cm/50 41st Year Type18th Flight Test Squadron19th Operations Group20.3 cm SK C/34 naval gun223rd Mixed Brigade (Spain)224th Mixed Brigade (Spain)225th Mixed Brigade (Spain)26th Air and Space Intelligence Squadron341st Air Refueling Squadron34th Training Wing36-pounder long gun385th Air Expeditionary Group38 cm SK C/34 naval gun409th Air Expeditionary Group416th Air Expeditionary Wing44th Air Defense Artillery Regiment453d Electronic Warfare Squadron453rd Bombardment Group455th Air Expeditionary Wing455th Flying Training Squadron456th Bombardment Squadron457th Air Expeditionary Group458th Air Expeditionary Group46th Reconnaissance Squadron489th Bomb Group490th Bombardment Group491st Bombardment Group492nd Special Operations Wing498th Bombardment Squadron499th Bombardment Squadron4th Bombardment Squadron5-inch/50-caliber gun5-inch/51-caliber gun500th Bombardment Squadron501st Bombardment Squadron
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Coastal defence and fortification
Coastal defence (or defense) and coastal fortification are measures taken to provide protection against military attack at or near a coastline (or other shoreline), for example, fortifications and coastal artillery. Because an invading enemy normally requires a port or harbour to sustain operations, such defences are usually concentrated around such facilities, or places where such facilities could be constructed. Coastal artillery fortifications generally followed the development of land fortifications, usually incorporating land defences; sometimes separate land defence forts were built to protect coastal forts. Through the middle 19th century, coastal forts could be bastion forts, star forts, polygonal forts, or sea forts, the first three types often with detached gun batteries called "
has abstract
Coastal defence (or defense) a ...... l infantry (marines), or both.
@en
Een kustfortificatie is een mi ...... fortificatie (link hieronder).
@nl
Kustförsvar är militära åtgärder med syfte att avvärja angrepp mot ett lands kustområden.
@sv
La defensa costera y la fortif ...... , la infantería naval o ambas.
@es
Берегова́ оборо́на — сукупніст ...... их ракет власного виробництва.
@uk
Берегова́я оборо́на (БО) — сов ...... береговым (островным) фортом.
@ru
海防,海口及沿海要地的防务,指在沿海地区、领海及管辖海域进行 ...... 运作,防卫斗争通常会围绕此类设施或由此类设施构建之地进行 。
@zh
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Coastal defence (or defense) a ...... etached gun batteries called "
@en
Een kustfortificatie is een mi ...... n erosie en golven van de zee.
@nl
Kustförsvar är militära åtgärder med syfte att avvärja angrepp mot ett lands kustområden.
@sv
La defensa costera y la fortif ...... , la infantería naval o ambas.
@es
Берегова́ оборо́на — сукупніст ...... авіація та сухопутні війська.
@uk
Берегова́я оборо́на (БО) — сов ...... в и важных прибрежных районов.
@ru
海防,海口及沿海要地的防务,指在沿海地区、领海及管辖海域进行 ...... 运作,防卫斗争通常会围绕此类设施或由此类设施构建之地进行 。
@zh
label
Coastal defence and fortification
@en
Defensa costera y fortificación
@es
Kustfortificatie
@nl
Kustförsvar
@sv
Берегова оборона
@uk
Береговая оборона
@ru
海防
@zh