Ernst "Arnošt" Gottlieb (18 March 1893 – 10 April 1980) was a Czechoslovak tennis player. He competed in the men's doubles event at the 1924 Summer Olympics. Gottlieb was born into a German-speaking Jewish family in Brno. His father Ignaz Gottlieb was a kitchenware factory owner. After the outbreak of World War II in 1939, Gottlieb emigrated to France, where he hoped to join the Czechoslovak armed forces in exile. That proved to be not possible, so he decided to move to Brazil where his brother lived. Gottlieb settled in São Paulo and worked as a businessman.