Four Communes
The Four Communes (French: Quatre Communes) of Senegal were the four oldest colonial towns in French West Africa. In 1848 the Second Republic extended the rights of full French citizenship to the inhabitants of Saint-Louis, Dakar, Gorée, and Rufisque. While those who were born in these towns could technically enjoy all the rights of native French citizens, substantial legal and social barriers prevented the full exercise of these rights, especially by those seen by authorities as "full-blooded" Africans. Most of the African population of these towns were termed originaires: those Africans born into the commune, but who retained recourse to African and/or Islamic law (the so-called "personal status"). Those few Africans from the four communes who were able to pursue higher education and w
1848 French legislative election in Senegal1879 Senegal by-electionAssimilation (French colonialism)Black Horror on the RhineBlack suffrageBlaise DiagneFour Communes (colonial Senegal)Four Communes of SenegalFrench West AfricaFrench colonial empireHistory of SenegalIndigénatIndirect ruleInterwar FranceIslam in SenegalJoost van VollenhovenList of mayors of DakarList of mayors of Saint-Louis, SenegalNational Assembly (French Fourth Republic)Ngalandou DioufQuatre CommunesScramble for AfricaTimeline of Saint-Louis, SenegalTrade unions in Senegal
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Four Communes
The Four Communes (French: Quatre Communes) of Senegal were the four oldest colonial towns in French West Africa. In 1848 the Second Republic extended the rights of full French citizenship to the inhabitants of Saint-Louis, Dakar, Gorée, and Rufisque. While those who were born in these towns could technically enjoy all the rights of native French citizens, substantial legal and social barriers prevented the full exercise of these rights, especially by those seen by authorities as "full-blooded" Africans. Most of the African population of these towns were termed originaires: those Africans born into the commune, but who retained recourse to African and/or Islamic law (the so-called "personal status"). Those few Africans from the four communes who were able to pursue higher education and w
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De Vier Gemeenten (Quatre Comm ...... ale Vergadering van Frankrijk.
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Les "Quatre Communes" ("Quatre ...... la lluita de descolonització.
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Les Quatre Communes, ou Quatre ...... ntonnés au statut d'indigènes.
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The Four Communes (French: Qua ...... f the decolonisation struggle.
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De Vier Gemeenten (Quatre Comm ...... ale Vergadering van Frankrijk.
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Les "Quatre Communes" ("Quatre ...... anomenat "estatus personal").
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Les Quatre Communes, ou Quatre ...... r la réunion de Gorée à Dakar.
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The Four Communes (French: Qua ...... pursue higher education and w
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Four Communes
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Quatre Municipis
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Quatre communes
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Vier Gemeenten
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