Friedrich Schultze (12 August 1848 – 14 October 1934) was a German neurologist and native of Rathenow, Brandenburg. He is known for being the founder of . In 1871 he earned his doctorate at Heidelberg, and afterwards spent several years as an assistant to pathologist Nikolaus Friedreich (1825–1882). In 1887 he was invited as a "full professor" to the University of Dorpat, and shortly afterwards became director of the medical clinic and policlinic at the University of Bonn, where he spent the remainder of his career.