The Galileo Circle (Galilei Kör) was an atheist-materialist student organization that functioned in Budapest between 1910 and 1919. It was based in Anker Köz. The circle was founded on November 22, 1908. This was in response to the attacks on , a social scientist who had suggested that the nation was a social phenomenon which arose through a social and historical process, rather than an eternal entity. This led to him being attacked by Hungarian Christian nationalists. It claimed to be specifically apolitical and declared itself in favour of self-education and science. Endre Ady described the galilesists as the ‘young army of Fever’, dedicating various poems to the Circle. Oszkár Jászi thought the galileists would help lead Hungary from ‘the Balkans into Western Europe’.