Gustav Kafka (23 July 1883, Vienna – 12 February 1953, Veitshöchheim bei Würzburg) was an Austrian philosopher, psychologist. One of Kafka's most outstanding contributions to the realms of psychology have been his critique of fundamentals and methods, such as his criticism of behaviorism, and other articles in which he revealed new points of view based on concrete investigation. His son (4 February 1907, München – 17 January 1974, Graz) was a sociologist and jurist.