The Hampton and Branchville Railroad and Lumber Company was a shortline railroad that served Western South Carolina in the early 20th century. The Hampton and Branchville Railroad and Lumber Company was chartered by the South Carolina General Assembly in 1891. The charter called for the carrier to build a line the Savannah River below Hamburg, South Carolina, through the town of Hampton, South Carolina, and the counties of Hampton, Colleton, and Orangeburg. It also was to extend onto Sumter, South Carolina. The line is owned by the Lightsey family.