Innovation districts are zones in cities where public and private actors work to attract entrepreneurs, startups, business incubators, generally with the aim of revitalizing depressed downtown areas. The first, 22@ in Barcelona, Spain, was launched in 2000; as of 2019, there are more than 80 worldwide. Some innovation districts have helped cities add jobs, and shift economic focus from traditional industrial-based production to technology-driven services. A wave of academic research is examining these effects.