Jedediah Hyde Baxter (March 11, 1837 – December 4, 1890) was a career United States Army officer and doctor who attained the rank of brigadier general as Surgeon General of the United States Army. Born in Strafford, Vermont, Baxter was the son of Portus Baxter and Ellen Janette Harris. He received his medical degree from the University of Vermont in 1860, completed his internship and residency at Bellevue and Blackwell's Island Hospitals in New York City, and enlisted in the Union Army for the American Civil War. Assigned initially as surgeon of the 12th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, he later became a brigade surgeon, commanded Campbell General Hospital in Washington, D.C., and then served as Chief Medical Officer of the Provost Marshal's Bureau. Baxter took part in the Peninsula Campa