Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi (Italian: [pestaˈlɔttsi]; German: [pɛstaˈlɔtsi] ; January 12, 1746 – February 17, 1827) was a Swiss pedagogue and who exemplified Romanticism in his approach. He founded several educational institutions both in German- and French-speaking regions of Switzerland and wrote many works explaining his revolutionary modern principles of education. His motto was "Learning by head, hand and heart". Thanks to Pestalozzi, illiteracy in 18th-century Switzerland was overcome almost completely by 1830.