Joseph Schröter (14 March 1837 – 12 December 1894) was a noted German mycologist, doctor and scientist. During his lifetime, he wrote several books and texts, and discovered and described many species of flora and fungi. He also spent a considerable amount of time (around fifteen years, from 1871 to 1886) serving as a military doctor, particularly in the Franco-Prussian War, in places such as Spandau, Rastatt and Breslau, and rising to the rank of colonel.