Liverij Osipovich Darkshevich (Russian: Ливерий Осипович Даркшевич; July 29 [O.S. July 17] 1858 – March 28, 1925) was a Russian neurologist who was a native of Yaroslavl. His surname is sometimes spelled Darkschewitsch in medical literature. From 1892 to 1917 Darkshevich was director of the department of neurology at the University of Kazan, where he founded a neurological clinic and laboratory. He was the first editor-in-chief of the Kazan Medical Journal (Казанский медицинский журнал). In 1917 he became a professor of neurological diseases at the University of Moscow.