Mandaeism or Mandaeanism (Classical Mandaic: ࡌࡀࡍࡃࡀࡉࡉࡀ‎, romanized: mandaiia; Arabic: مَنْدَائِيَّة‎, Mandāʾīya or مَنْدَعِيَّة, Mandaʿīya), also known as Sabianism (Arabic: صَابِئِيَّة‎, Ṣābiʾīyah), is a monotheistic and Gnostic religion with dualistic cosmology. Its adherents, the Mandaeans, revere Adam, Abel, Seth, Enos, Noah, Shem, Aram, and especially John the Baptist. The Mandaeans have been counted among the Semites and speak a dialect of Eastern Aramaic known as Mandaic. The name 'Mandaean' is said to come from the Aramaic manda meaning "knowledge". Within the Middle East, but outside of their community, the Mandaeans are more commonly known as the Arabic: صُبَّة‎ Ṣubba (singular: Ṣubbī) or Sabians. The term Ṣubba is derived from the Aramaic root related to baptism, the neo-Mandaic