Maria Antonina Kratochwil (21 August 1881 – 7 October 1942) was beatified by Pope John Paul II as one of the 108 Martyrs of World War II. She tried to help the Jews survive during the Holocaust. A member of the School Sisters of Notre Dame residing in the Kresy region of the Polish Second Republic before the war began; she was arrested along with her nuns by Nazi Germans a year after Operation Barbarossa of 1941, and singled out for anti-Nazi activities. She was severely beaten while in prison, contracted typhus, and died upon her hasty release.