NanoFilter is the water filter developed as the result of innovation by the Tanzanian senior-lecturer and chemical engineer, Dr. Askwar Hilonga from The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST)- Arusha in Tanzania. After spending almost five years from 2010 to continue refining the nanomaterials to the nanoFilter. It was very difficult to come up to final water filter with this idea as it was too difficult to protect it in all these years. But Dr. Hilonga used the appropriate Intellectual property Rights (IPRs) strategy to protect this idea up to the end, and in fact the product of this innovation worn the Africa Prize for Engineering Innovation, this is especially the lesson to young scientists in developing countries.