Nathaniel A. Barrett (1861-1933) was an American physician and politician. He was born on January 16, 1861 in Lawrence County, Alabama to David B. Barrett and Charlotte Wilson Aldridge Barrett. His father was a carpenter and contractor. Barrett attended public schools in Lawrence County and a private school run by C.G. Lynch. He began to study medicine under Dr. C.A. Crow at Moulton, then spent one year in the medical department of the University of Alabama and later attended the medical department of Vanderbilt University, where he earned an M.D. in 1886.