Rahmat-un-Nissa (Persian: رحمت النساء بیگم‎) (died c. 1691) better known by her title Nawab Bai, was a secondary wife of the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb. She was a Muslim Rajput of Jarral lineage who married Aurangzeb in 1638 as part of a political alliance. She gave birth to Aurangzeb's first two sons, including Bahadur Shah I, who became Mughal emperor in 1707. Nawab Bai was unpopular at the Mughal court and lost her husband's favour quite early on in her life while the misconduct of her sons, Muhammad Sultan and Muhammad Muazzam, embittered her latter life. She died in 1691 in Delhi after long years of separation from her husband and children.