Paul-Joseph de Montgolfier (28 April 1913 – 8 November 1942) was a French fighter pilot, flying with the GC II/5 fighter group when World War II began. De Montgolfier was born in Saint-Marcel-d'Ardèche, France. On 6 November 1939, Paul de Montgolfier and 8 other pilots were escorting bombers over the Sarre region when they were jumped by 27 Messerschmitt fighters of . The French pilots scored 5 victories (and another 5 probable victories, including one shot down by Montgolfier) for the loss of only two of their own. This fight - known as the "9 against 27" fight was to become legendary and , the CO of JGr 102, was summoned back to Berlin and threatened with court-martial for such disastrous results.