Peder Krog (8 April 1654 – 24 May 1731) was a Danish-born Norwegian Lutheran bishop. Peder Krog was born in Aarhus, Denmark. He studied in Rostock and Copenhagen, and then went to Germany to study for several years. In 1675, he was awarded his Magister Matriculation from Wittenberg. He was appointed rector of the Latin school in Kjøge in 1679. Two years later he became pastor of parishes in Holbæk and provost of Samsø. When the bishop of Trondheim died, Krog was ordained bishop in 1689.