The Port Royal and Augusta Railway was a South Carolina railroad that existed in the latter half of the 19th century. The Port Royal Railroad Company was chartered in 1856 and the line was completed in 1870. In 1873, the Georgia Railroad provided financial assistance to the Port Royal Railroad Company, but Port Royal Railroad Company defaulted in November 1873 and the railroad was sold to the Georgia Railroad under foreclosure in June 1878, with the Union Trust Company of New York as Trustees. The Georgia Railroad reorganized it under the name Port Royal and Augusta Railway, and the company expanded.