René Viguier (19 May 1880, in Paris – 17 January 1931, in Caen) was a French botanist known for his investigations of plants within the family Araliaceae. He worked as a préparateur at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle with Philippe Édouard Léon Van Tieghem, afterwards serving as maître de conférences at the Sorbonne. In 1912 he collected botanical specimens in Madagascar with Jean-Henri Humbert. From 1919 to 1931 he was a professor of botany at the University of Caen as well as director of city's botanical garden.