S. Muthiah Mudaliar CIE (1883 - 15 July 1953) was an Indian politician and legislator of the Justice Party and later, the Swarajya Party and an independent minister in the Madras Presidency. He is largely remembered for introducing the Communal Government Order implementing reservations in the Presidency. Muthiah Mudaliar was a close friend and associate of E. V. Ramasami Naicker.