Sir Thomas Rich, 1st Baronet (c. 1601 – 15 October 1667) was an English merchant and politician who sat in House of Commons in 1660. He established Sir Thomas Rich's School, a grammar school. Rich was born in Gloucester, son of Thomas Rich, an alderman of the city, and Anne, daughter of Thomas Machin, in 1601. He was sent to school in London and went on to study at the newly founded Wadham College, Oxford. Afterwards, he worked in the city of London in the wine importing trade. Rich later purchased the manor of Sonning, near Reading.